An Enterprise Security Architecture - 2176 Words

It is the common experience of many corporate organisations that information security solutions are often designed, acquired and installed on a tactical basis. A requirement is identified, a specification is developed and a solution is sought to meet that situation. In this process there is no opportunity to consider the strategic dimension, and the result is that the organisation builds up a mixture of technical solutions on an ad hoc basis, each independently designed and specified and with no guarantee that they will be compatible and interoperable. There is often no analysis of the long-term costs, especially the operational costs which make up a large proportion of the total cost of ownership, and there is no strategy that can be†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, information systems security is only a small part of information security, information assurance or information risk management (these terms have a certain amount of inter-changeability), which in turn is but o ne part of a wider topic: business security. Business security embraces three major areas: information security; business continuity; physical and environmental security. Broader still is the view that business security is concerned with all aspects of operational risk management. Only through an integrated approach to these broad aspects of business security will it be possible for the enterprise to make the most cost-effective and beneficial decisions with regard to the management of operational risk. The enterprise security architecture and the security management process should therefore embrace all of these areas. Fundamental requirements The main goal of enterprise information security is to protect the valuable resources of an organization. Such as information, hardware and software. Through applying the appropriate safety measures, the enterprise security supports the organization in achieving its objectives by protecting the employees, financial resources, reputation, and other tangibles and intangibles. Security Model In order for an organization to develop a cohesive and coherent security model it is essential for the organization to have an

A Distinction Between War And Terrorism - 1849 Words

A distinction between war and terrorism, and from where terrorism emerged. Within the history of humanity, war and violence has its origins deeply rooted amongst almost all cultures. Terrorism is a relatively young concept. The differences between war and terrorism are essential in understanding the social distinctions between both forms of aggression. The common phrase, ‘All is fair in love and war,’ suggests that acts of aggression are acceptable because of the context, almost expected. The word ‘terrorism’ by nature denies the act any justification. We can trace and argue the exact moment in which modern terrorism emerged. It was with a group of Russian revolutionaries, â€Å"Nardonaya Volya,† which translates into ‘the people’s will’†¦show more content†¦Within our technological landscape it is inevitable to avoid the stories and images become seared into our memories. It is that mental threat that threatens our security as a nation. The hysteria and sense of fear, it leads rational people to settle for irrational thoughts. It drives people to fear and make snap judgements. It guides us to elect aggressors, justify the inexcusable and compromise our moral fabric. This papers’ intention is to examine how terrorism as a whole influences our actions, and how this new breed of terrorism may affect us directly and indirectly. II. Examples of biochemical aggression within a war context. From its early origins, the concept of terrorism was aimed to remove those from power who were abusing it as well as oppressing by non-government groups. Today, terrorism comes in all forms. From individuals to foreign governments and groups, the face of terrorism is constantly changing. There are examples within the last century that can be justified throughout the veil of warfare. The first takes us to the concentration camps of Europe in WWII. Hitler’s aim of cleansing the aryan race through extermination of minorities, the majority jewish people, is a clear example of the nightmare that chemical agents can have on humanity. Today, you can walk through the gas chambers while on a group tour, lead by a knowledgable guide. The scratches along the wall are a stark reminder that a simple gas can invite deathShow MoreRelatedThe Implications Of The Bush Speech - Rooting Out Terrorism974 Words   |  4 Pagesout terrorism in the world – taken from a modern standpoint, lend to the ethical evaluation of the address. Bush makes clear the notion that the global community condemns terrorism and any extremist activity; however, what type of policy agenda does Bush have in mind when making the address? In the years following the September 11 attacks, United States military action – particularly in the Middle East – escalated dramatically. Bush notes in his speech: â€Å"We will make no distinction between theRead MoreTerrorism Has Been Used For Centuries As A Weapon Of Change1074 Words   |  5 PagesTerrorism has been used for centuries as a weapon of change. Terrorism used to force change even altered the English language, the creation of the word assassin because of the Hashhashin’s in the 11th century and the Roman’s use of decimation changing the meaning from killing one in ten to massacring all involved. Much of early terrorism was based on nationalist or ethnic groups, which had exhausted all other options while reach ing for political freedom and therefore resorted to violence. The mostRead MoreLegal Constraints And Its Effect On The War On Terror1298 Words   |  6 PagesThe war on terror, following the events of 9/11, made people acknowledge a new form of enemy. Terrorisms became the central focus of nations and various actions were taken to ensure that such a horrendous act never transpires again. However, the problems associated with these legal constraints has led to many international law violations. This paper will seek to discuss these legal constraints and its effect on the war on terror. In order to demonstrate this, the principles of distinction, proportionalityRead MoreTerrorism is Wrong Essay628 Words   |  3 Pagesarticle â€Å"Is Terrorism Distinctively Wrong?†, Lionel K. McPherson criticizes the dominant view that terrorism is absolutely and unconditionally wrong. He argues terrorism is not distinctively wrong compared to conventional war. However, I claim that terroris m is necessarily wrong. To support his claim, McPherson argues there is nothing morally relevant to make a distinction between terrorism and conventional war waged by states. In other words, from the moral angel, there is no difference between terrorismRead MoreAmerican Neo Orientalism And The Justification For The War On Terror 1426 Words   |  6 Pages2016 Ex Oriente Lux: American neo-Orientalism and the Justification for the ‘War on Terror’ The September 11, 2001, attacks on the World Trade Centre and the Pentagon fundamentally changed the dynamic of American identity threatening it’s hegemony and creating a space of insecurity thus necessitating a reassertion of state authority. In particular, the 9/11 post-traumatic space required US participation in an ambiguous ‘War on Terror’ that institutionalized racially charged violence through the demonizationRead MoreWar on Terror Essay1570 Words   |  7 PagesWar on Terror On September 11, 2001, our country was hit with enormous devastation, just after eight o’clock a.m. the first of the twin towers was struck by a suicide pilot, the second was struck slightly later. The towers fell just after ten o’clock a.m., devastating the entire country, and ruining the lives of many. A plane also hit the Pentagon in Washington D.C., and another in rural Pennsylvania causing just as much grief. The U.S. is still in mourning, but standing tall, more Americans showedRead Moreâ€Å"Clash of Civilizations† Essay examples980 Words   |  4 Pagesthe power of ideas that has vastly influenced both foreign policies of countries, but also the discipline of International Relations. Samuel Huntingtons â€Å"the clash of civilizations,† is based on the hypothesis: â€Å"In the post-Cold War world the most important distinctions among people are not ideological, political, or economic. They are cultural†. (Huntington, 1996, p. 21) Huntingt on recognizes the significance of the realist approach that the nation states will stay as the most influential actorsRead MoreIntroduction. This Essay Will Address Firstly What Is Terrorism1373 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction This essay will address firstly what is terrorism and how does society preserve terrorism, how the police put up surveillance cameras to monitor Muslims and there community’s in Birmingham. Following the terrorist attacks of 9/11 and the London bombing on 7 July. As a consequence to the terrorist attacks of the above. Secondly how the British government and politicians have criminalised and victimised Muslims of their understanding of being terrorist, which is so delusional so many peopleRead MoreEssay Human Rights Violations in the War on Terrorism1036 Words   |  5 Pageskilled, the United States has pursued policies that violate human rights in order to wage the war on terrorism. These policies include the adoption of new security measures, the poor treatment of captured fighters at Guantanamo Bay Naval Base in Cuba, and the willingness of the Bush administration to overlook human rights violations in other countries in return for their support in the war on terrorism. When the enemy is faceless, as it is in the United States fight against terror, there is aRead MoreTerrorism : The United States1154 Words   |  5 Pagesfreedom, and discourages any organization who is attempting to disrupt freedom. In recent years, terrorism has become one of the United States greatest dilemmas. Terrorism is a horrific crime against society, and the people who carry out these acts are considered people some of the worst criminals of today. Following September 11 the United States made a decision to wage war of terror. The United States â€Å"War on Terror† attempts confront these people and their organizations and remove them from power

Workers of the Factory

Question: Discuss about the Report for Workers of the Factory. Answer: Introduction The workers of the factory are one of the groups of stakeholders that are considered by Guo to any process of making the decision. In general, welfare and the morale of the workers are mostly affected due to the aspect of the small wages and the environment in which they work. A component that may be troubling may be, employees are motivated by money making them commit suicide, since on the contracts it stipulates in the event of their death their families be compensated RMB 100,000. This amount is 50 times the amount they get at the end of the month on their salaries. Therefore, if such an issue is not clearly addressed the cases of suicide may significantly increase. Moreover, Guo should also consider the comments and views of the shareholders of Hon Hai Company and Foxconn. In the event of the announcement of the news of suicides, it saw the share price of Hon Hai Company failing significantly to more than 5.1% Taipei, and the Foxxonns Company shares also fell by approximately 8.5 % margin on the index of Hang Seng. The negative publicity led to the decrease in the investors confidence level on the ability of the company in handling the situation that had resulted from the decline of the share price. Moreover, Guo ought to think of client Foxconn provides services to. The company can be the supplier of the major electronic companies due to their low costs. Nonetheless, if Guo increases on the wages of the workers and provides more facilities to them, Foxconn Company may be affected adversely, and some of the increased cost is shifted to the clients. This aspect would result in the Foxconn losing most of their customers to the competitors who are offering lower cost than them. On the model of Burke-Litwin, it usually revolves on the aspects of defining and being able to formulate a cause and effect on the relationship, which exists among the twelve organizational dimensions, which are vital to the organizational change. This model essential strives in bringing changes on the performance of the team and the organization in general, through the establishment of the interjectory between the performance and between both internal and external factors, which mostly effect on the performance. On the issue of the culture of the organization study, it should strive to seek on the information to explicit more so on the rules that are implied, regulations, the values, and principles, which most influence on the behavior of the organization. It, therefore, would immense the first suicide that occurred was primarily sparked on the failure of the workers in adjusting to the factorys life. Apparently, it is the plant life that is difficult to adjust to. Therefore we can understand from these that entering into any new place or even life requires a person to first learn on the rules and the requirements of that particular location. This mostly applies to someone who is coming from the rural background to the urban environment. When such individual enters to such a radical differentiated and a more constructed environment, it entails the person grasping the understanding of the world and working conditions should be rewritten. This may apply more so in the factory environment that has machines, and work with the electronic equipment that is expensive to complete a given task that pertains parts of the greater assembly apparatus. The next aspects are the responsibilities and the skills factors. They involve the understanding of a particular job position and the necessary requirements, in terms knowledge an employee is required to have so as to fully perform on the responsibilities of the job. It is imperative to clearly know how good various employment positions and the workers are matched. The Foxconn Company has adopted a production process that is not complex so that the workers do not require any specialized training or the knowledge to undertake the given duties. Mostly the technicians from the Department of the industrial engineering primarily uses regularly the stopwatches and the computerized manufacturing devices so as to test the workers. If these employees can meet target on their quota, these target are increased then to the maximum. In an example of the assembly of iPhone line, an employee had elaborated on how the work she did was even measured on the exact seconds. She said her task involved on taking of the motherboard of the iPhone from the line, logo scanning, putting into the anti-static bag, sticking on the label and displaying it to the line, took two seconds. Besides she, explained that for every ten seconds she finished five tasks. As the production increases the workers face encounters serious short-comings more so, if they do not meet their specific orders within the required time periods. In some of the departments in which the workers take ten minutes break, lf they fail meeting on the target of the production then they are not entitled for a rest until they meet. The people values and the need is usually the dimension that entails exportation of the opinions of the employees in regards to the work, so as to identify on the factors of quality which would result to the enrichment of job and the job satisfaction. There was discrepancy that existed between what was expected and what they really found in reality. This was concluded after the eleventh employee by name Li after committing suicide note was found. The note that the police found said that he had lost the confidence of his own future, and the expectations of what he ought to have undertaken on his work. In addition, and his family outweighed on what he can then achieve. On this note brings to the previous question, what is the kind of the future is entitled for these workers? It is also observed that the latest generation of the migrants are experiencing the Rupture. There is no hope for them to transform themselves into urban workers or even returning themselves to their rural areas to undertake the occupation of a peasant. The system that is regarded as hukou is preventing migrant from getting their permanent residences to the city. These individual do not have sufficient experience to run the farm, nor do they have enough income of starting their own business therefore going back home is not an option either. Therefore they find themselves in an areas that do not belong there nor here, in the unfinished proletarianization. Nonetheless, this new generation has found the reform have occurred which offer good education and a better wealth material than their previous predecessors, thus, the individuals want of what life can offer. But the anger, the frustration and the resentfulness they encounter prevents them from achieving it. Another factor that is essential is the level of the motivation.it entails to identify on the level of motivation of the employees, would make it easier for the determination of how willing they would put effort to achieve the organizational goals. Moreover, this would require to identify the motivational trigger points. The reasons why the young people seek employment in the city is because they get more money at the end of the month than what farming can bring them at the end of year. In most of the cases the majority of the young workers some of their wages they earn goes back home to support their families. Nonetheless, the motivation for the young immigrant is more than that to work in the city. Working at the city hold dreams of independence and also modernity of these individuals. Ngai highlighted that the female workers she worked with their desires to consumer was drove by their desire of reduction the aspect of disparities. It also depended of living on their calling to the modern model in regards to the female beauty that was increasingly by the mass media. On the eyes of the workers you clearly see desiring subject who want to fulfil their needs of their families at home and the own interest to becoming the modern people. These desires would not be achieved if they are rejected from the system. On study of the structure it does not need to be confined on the structure of the hierarchical. It should be based on the function structure that focus on responsibility , the will of the authority, decision making, and communication of the structure that exist between individuals of entity. According to Gou he based his model of management from his military experience and insists on entire obedience from the hierarchy of the top to bottom chain of command. It stipulates that it is easy to get thousand individual of the army but tough to find one general. The thirteen management level of Foxconn hierarchy is in the form of a pyramid that has a clear line of command. The senior managers are responsible to formulating on the strategy of corporate development and the annual profit goals for the company. The management at the middle is to devise on the implementation plans and delegation of the responsibility. While at the workshop, the production operators faces intense supervision from various layers of management, from assistant line managers, the team leaders, and even the supervisors. According to Yu who is a worker he highlighted that while they are preparing to begin on the production line, the frontline managers demand the workers to respond to the question like; how are you? By shouting together very good. Generally the system include all the policies and procedures that include both the individuals and the operations of the organization. The Foxxonns company 8s policy is was essentially built on the 5s method of Japanese the management so as to improve on both efficiency and o performance of the organization that refer to Seiri (sort), Seiton (the set in the order), Seiso (clean), Seiketsu (standardize on the first 3s procedures), Shitsuke (sustain on the efforts of the Seiri, Seiton, Seiso and seiketsu), of which are added the aspect of security, the saving and security to the Chinese system. These principles are usually enforced very rigorously as just as Yu had experienced. The employees on the frontline their postures are monitored more as the work itself. The aim of the Foxxonns industrial engineering is to show all the workers operations, to the minutes movements, rationalized, planned. Every assembly worker majorly specializes to one task and performs various repetitive motions to a high speed that can be either hourly, and for months on end. This type of the advanced production systems removes any feelings of the freshness, accomplishment towards the work. The essence of the management practice is to study how the managers conforms to the strategy of the organization more so dealing with the workers and the resources. Management of Foxconn practices and culture of the corporate that are essentially punishment-oriented, despite the resource of human advocating to the mutual care and the love. During the working month there was several public humiliations, it mostly happens when the employee is punished. In an example, a girl is essentially forced to stand to an attention to read aloud to all statement of the self-criticism, and she ought to be loud to be heard by all. Often the line leader would ask the individual at the far end heard the mistake she made. This clearly is very embarrassing. The work climate entails a collection of the study of essentially how the employees think, their feelings and their expectation. Besides, relationship that exists with employees share with their team members and members of the other groups is significant in the work unit climate. When Guo puts the interest of the firm ahead of the well-being of the employees he basis his decisions on the economic efficiency principle, that the company acts in the maximization of the profits to the most appropriate efficiency manner. This should be within the constraints of the law and the market. Nonetheless, there was implementation of actions by Foxconn Company to minimize on the number of suicide cases and improve on the conditions of working of the factory. There was an increase of the wages, and invitation of the media members and suppliers to tour the factory so as to allow the public scrutiny on the working conditions. These actions, are founded on the principles of the personal virtues in whi ch the measures taken are honest, open and also truthful. Guo is optimistic of the working condition at the factory. References Beer, M. (1980). Organization change and development: A systems view. Scott Foresman Co. Goodstein, L. D., Burke, W. W. (1991). Creating successful organization change. Organizational Dynamics, 19(4), 5-17. Styhre, A. (2002). Non-linear change in organizations: organization change management informed by complexity theory. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 23(6), 343-351.

My nephew free essay sample

As soon as my sister came home my life began to change far more than expected. During the next few months I couldnt Imagine a more tiring time of my life, but more rewarding than anything. In this short time I began to take on new responsibilities around the house. Im not the one to usually do chores. But as soon as the baby came into the house, I was responsible for taking care of him while my sister was busy doing chores. I had to earn how to feed him, which was pretty easy. Then a while later I had to learn how to change him, which was kind of difficult because I really didnt know what I was doing half of the time, due to me not knowing which side goes on which side. Though I later learned how to master changing a baby, it was pretty difficult then. We will write a custom essay sample on My nephew or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As soon as I came home from school, I had to take care of him, which didnt last long because he would fall asleep quickly. The first month of this new person In my life wasnt too bad because still remained the same as before, just with a few more responsibilities. Fast track six months, my life has really changed dramatically. My nephew got older, so had to learn more responsibilities and this meant I had less free time. As soon as I came home from school, my sister went to work, so I had to take care of the kid as usual. It was dfferent though. Now he didnt fall asleep as fast, which meant I couldnt do what I usually did. I also didnt have much time to do my homework. This was a tough time because I spent my free time doing nothing but staring at the TV. I wasnt getting enough sleep so I couldnt keep my eyes open during class. My grades dropped in my second semester and my parents were kind of mad about that. If that wasnt bad enough, during the middle of the night when Im asleep, the baby usually wakes up so I have to feed him for at least 20 minutes because my sister is either tired from work or she is doing her college homework. Then I go to sleep and wake up tired and my cycle repeats. I felt like I wanted to give up. I thought mysel f l need to change my habits if I want succeed in life and be a good role model for him. I began to use my free time during class to do my homework early instead of ozing off into space. As soon as I came home from school, Id take care of my nephew and as he fell asleep, Id rapidly do my homework. I still had some missing grades. Now I had more free time and more time to sleep. I did all this because when Although I had a tough time with my nephew, It was worth it because I learned to not be a lazy kid anymore and grow up. Having my nephew was great because he brought joy to my whole family and nothing is greater than that. He also gave me a great life lesson. In life you may feel like you just want to give up, but you need to ealize the prize Is much greater than you can imagine. IOFI My nephew By Anonymourel 956 My nephew was born on Nov. 15, 2011, but I didnt think much of it at that time. As During the next few months I couldnt imagine a more tiring time of my life, but more would fall asleep quickly. The first month of this new person in my life wasnt too bad because I still remained the same as before, Just with a few more responsibilities. so I had to learn more responsibilities and this meant I had less free time. As soon as usual. It was different though. Now he didnt fall asleep as fast, which meant I ouldnt do what I usually did. I also didnt have much time to do my homework. This wasnt getting enough sleep so I couldnt keep my eyes open during class. My grades you care about someone so much, youre willing to do anything for them. Although I had a tough time with my nephew, it was worth it because I learned to not brought Joy to my whole family and nothing is greater than that. He also gave me a great life lesson. In life you may feel like you Just want to give up, but you need to realize the prize is much greater than you can imagine.

History of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars

History of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars After the French Revolution transformed France and threatened the old order of Europe, France fought a series of wars against the monarchies of Europe to first protect and spread the revolution, and then to conquer territory. The later years were dominated by Napoleon and France’s enemy was seven coalitions of European states. At first,  Napoleon first bought success, transforming his military triumph into a political one, gaining the position of First Consul and then Emperor. But more war was to follow, perhaps inevitably given how Napoleon’s position was dependent upon military triumph, his predilection for solving issues through battle, and how the monarchies of Europe still looked at France as a dangerous enemy. Origins When the French revolution overthrew the monarchy of Louis XVI and declared new forms of government, the country found itself at odds with the rest of Europe. There were ideological divisions - the dynastic monarchies and empires opposed the new, partly republican thinking - and family ones, as relatives of those affected complained. But the nations of central Europe also had their eyes on dividing Poland between them, and when in 1791 Austria and Prussia issued the Declaration of Pillnitz - which asked Europe to act to restore the French monarchy – they actually worded the document to prevent war. However, France misinterpreted and decided to launch a defensive and pre-emptive war, declaring one in April 1792. The French Revolutionary Wars There were initial failures, and an invading German army took Verdun and marched close to Paris, promoting the September Massacres of Parisian prisoners. The French then pushed back at Valmy and Jemappes, before going further in their aims. On November 19th, 1792, the National Convention issued a promise of assistance to all people looking to regain their liberty, which was both a new idea for warfare and the justification to create allied buffer zones around France. On December 15th, they decreed that the revolutionary laws of France – including the dissolution of all aristocracy – were to be imported abroad by their armies. France also declared a set of expanded ‘natural borders’ for the nation, which put the emphasis on annexation rather than just ‘liberty’. On paper, France had set itself the task of opposing, if not overthrowing, every king to keep itself safe. A group of European powers opposed to these developments was now working as the First Coalition, the start of seven such groups formed to fight France before the end of 1815. Austria, Prussia, Spain, Britain and the United Provinces (Netherlands) fought back, inflicting reverses on the French which prompted the latter to declare a ‘levy en masse’, effectively mobilizing the whole of France into the army. A new chapter in warfare had been reached, and army sizes now began to rise greatly. The Rise of Napoleon and the Switch in Focus The new French armies had success against the coalition, forcing Prussia to surrender and pushing the others back. Now France took the chance to export the revolution, and the United Provinces became the Batavian Republic. In 1796, the French Army of Italy was judged to have been underperforming and was given a new commander called Napoleon Bonaparte, who’d first been noticed in the siege of Toulon. In a dazzling display of manoeuvre, Napoleon defeated Austrian and allied forces and forced the Treaty of Campo Formio, which earned France the Austrian Netherlands, and cemented the position of the French-allied republics in North Italy. It also allowed Napoleon’s army, and the commander himself, to gain large amounts of looted wealth. Napoleon was then given a chance to pursue a dream: attack in the Middle East, even on into threatening the British in India, and he sailed to Egypt in 1798 with an army. After initial success, Napoleon failed in a siege of Acre. With the French fleet seriously damaged in the Battle of the Nile against British Admiral Nelson, the Army of Egypt was greatly restricted: it could not get reinforcements and it could not leave. Napoleon soon left – some critics might say abandoned – this army to return to France when it looked like a coup would take place. Napoleon was able to become the centerpiece of a plot, levering his success and power in the army to become First Consul of France in the Coup of Brumaire in 1799. Napoleon then acted against the forces of the Second Coalition, an alliance which had gathered to exploit Napoleon’s absence and which involved Austria, Britain, Russia, the Ottoman Empire and other smaller states. Napoleon won the Battle of Marengo in 1800. Along with a victory by French general Moreau at Hohenlinden against Austria, France was thus able to defeat the Second Coalition. The result was France as the dominant power in Europe, Napoleon as a national hero and a possible end to the warfare and chaos of the revolution. The Napoleonic Wars Britain and France were briefly at peace but soon argued, the former wielding a superior navy and great wealth. Napoleon planned an invasion of Britain and gathered an army to do so, but we don’t know how serious he was about ever carrying it out. But Napoleon’s plans became irrelevant when Nelson again defeated the French with his iconic victory at Trafalgar, shattering Napoleon’s naval strength. A third coalition now formed in 1805, allying Austria, Britain, and Russia, but victories by Napoleon at Ulm and then the masterpiece of Austerlitz broke the Austrians and Russians and forced an end to the third coalition. In 1806 there were Napoleonic victories, over Prussia at Jena and Auerstedt, and in 1807 the Battle of Eylau was fought between a fourth coalition army of Prussians and Russians against Napoleon. A draw in the snow in which Napoleon was nearly captured, this marks the first major setback for the French General. The stalemate led to the Battle of Friedland, where Napoleon did win against Russia and ended the Fourth Coalition. The Fifth coalition formed and had success by blunting Napoleon at the Battle Aspern-Essling in 1809, when Napoleon tried to force a way across the Danube. But Napoleon regrouped and tried once more, fighting the Battle of Wagram against Austria. Napoleon won, and the Archduke of Austria open peace talks. Much of Europe was now either under direct French control or technically allied. There were other wars – Napoleon invaded Spain to install his brother as king, but instead triggered a brutal guerrilla war and the presence of a successful British field army under Wellington – but Napoleon remained largely master of Europe, creating new states such as the German Confederation of the Rhine, giving crowns to family members, but bizarrely forgiving some difficult subordinates. The Disaster in Russia The relationship between Napoleon and Russia began to fall apart, and Napoleon resolved to act quickly to overawe the Russian tsar and bring him to heel. To this end, Napoleon gathered what was probably the largest army ever assembled in Europe, and certainly a force too big to adequately support. Looking for a quick, dominant victory, Napoleon pursued a retreating Russian army deep into Russia, before winning the carnage that was the Battle of Borodino and then taking Moscow. But it was a pyrrhic victory, as Moscow was set alight and Napoleon was forced to retreat through the bitter Russian winter, damaging his army and ruining the French cavalry. The Final Years With Napoleon on the back foot and obviously vulnerable, a new Sixth Coalition was organized in 1813, and pushed across Europe, advancing where Napoleon was absent, and retreating where he was present. Napoleon was forced back as his ‘allied’ states took the chance to throw off the French yoke. 1814 saw the coalition enter the borders of France and, abandoned by his allies in Paris and many of his marshals, Napoleon was forced into surrendering. He was sent to the island of Elba in exile. The 100 Days With time to think while exiled in Elba, Napoleon resolved to try again, and in 1815 he returned to Europe. Amassing an army as he marched to Paris, turning those sent against him to his service, Napoleon attempted to rally support by making liberal concessions. He soon found himself faced by another coalition, the Seventh of the French Revolutionary and Napoleon Wars, which included Austria, Britain, Prussia and Russia. Battles were fought at Quatre Bras and Ligny before the Battle of Waterloo, where an allied army under Wellington withstood the French forces under Napoleon until a Prussian army under Blà ¼cher arrived to give the coalition the decisive advantage. Napoleon was defeated, retreated, and forced to abdicate once more. Peace The monarchy was restored in France, and the heads of Europe gathered at the Congress of Vienna to redraw the map of Europe. Over two decades of tumultuous warfare had finished, and Europe would not be so disrupted again until World War 1 in 1914. France had used two million men as soldiers, and up to 900,000 had not come back. Opinion varies on whether the war devastated a generation, some arguing that the level of conscription was only a fraction of the possible total, others pointing out that the casualties came heavily from one age group.

Commencement Speeches Essays

Commencement Speeches Essays Commencement Speeches Essay Commencement Speeches Essay Commencement Speeches BY kyleh21 Not Your Typical Commencement Speeches Something you dont plan to hear during your high school or college graduation is that youre not special. But, in fact, that was the primary message David McCullough had to deliver in his commencement speech to the graduates of Wellesley High School. David Foster Wallace and George Saunders also shared unusual, but thought- provoking messages to their respective graduating classes. With each of these unorthodox speeches comes insight into common human fallacies, whether it be elfishness or negligence or egocentrism. Although these speeches have been given very recently (within the last ten years), they all carry extremely powerful messages that should be considered and adopted for years to come. David Foster Wallace, who struggled with depression for nearly 20 years and eventually succumbed to it in 2008, shared quite a gloomy message for what normally is a cheery day in a persons life. His speech dealt with the egocentrism that lives inside all people, whether they acknowledge it or not. He xplained one of the most commonly frustrating scenarios we experience, being stuck in traffic after a long day of work, and how it always feels like everyone is in our way. But he instead asks us to consider how these other drivers are being affected by US. Perhaps the driver who recently cut you off had a sick child he was rushing to the hospital and YOU were in HIS way, for example. He tells us that once we live our lives in a way that fosters kindness and patience and consideration towards others, we will feel more fulfilled. Likewise George Saunders shared a plea for kindness. He shared his prediction that as we grow older, we gradually become kinder. So, he asks, if that is to happen, why dont we Just hurry up and start right away? Finally, David McCullough told graduates that they arent as special as they think they are. This is something quite uncommon to hear at your graduation. However, we all have our braggadocios tendencies and tend to want to conquer great obstacles so we can show off to others. My favorite excerpt from McCulloughs speech is his message to climb the mountain not to plant your flag, but to embrace the challenge, enjoy the air, and behold the view. What makes all of these speeches great are that they each deliver messages that make them unique from quintessential commencement speeches. The typical messages of congratulations and praise on the graduates hard-work have been replaced with messages delving into and dissecting human selfishness and arrogance. Personally, I enjoyed the speeches because they each gave me a different way of viewing myself, others, and the world around me.

Analysis of TOGAF to either DoDAF or FEAF Research Paper

Analysis of TOGAF to either DoDAF or FEAF - Research Paper Example These components are further implemented by the various widely used EA frameworks in organizations among which FEAF, TOGAF and ZACHMAN are prime examples (Bente, Bombosch & Langade, 2012). This study deals with the analysis of two vital EA frameworks i.e. FEAF and TOGAF. Similarity amid FEAF and TOGAF Both The Open Group Architectural Framework (TOGAF) and the Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework (FEAF) frameworks are framed with the intention to enhance the architectural efficiency of companies which would further enable efficient execution of organizational strategies. Another similarity between the two frameworks is that both of them share common EA features and terms within each other. Application of these two frameworks with certain similar concepts of EA will further ensure that there is an agreement among the decision makers in any business organization with regard to dealing with the objectives, requirements as well as processes of the business with the help of advanced technologies. Additionally, these similar EA features in the two frameworks would further assure that decisions related to the investments on technology in any business are taken efficiently. It has been noted that inefficient decision making in this aspect is viewed to harm various the objectives and priorities of organizations (TCRP, 2011). Furthermore, it has also been noted that both FEAF and TOGAF ascribed similar guidance in terms of architectural viewpoints. This aspect further addresses that both the frameworks provide similar directions to the organizations with regard to structuring their enterprise architecture (The Open Group, 2007). Moreover, it has also been analyzed that the rows of the FEAF framework more or less correlate with the rows of the matrix of the TOGAF framework. This similarity between the two frameworks further depicts that both are intended towards dividing architectural description into various crucial layers which are documented in the later stage in a more simplified manner (The Open Group, 2013). Difference between FEAF and TOGAF From the above analysis, it is apparent that both the frameworks i.e. FEAF and TOGAF share certain common features as well as targets between each other. However, it would also be vital to mention that both the frameworks (i.e. FEAF and TOGAF) are developed with diverse intentions which further depict certain inherent changes in their process of working, their ability to ascertain effective results along with their process of implementation among others. Contextually, one of the primary differences between the two frameworks is the aspect that both are controlled by different operators. The Open Group Architectural Framework (TOGAF) is operated under the framework of Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DODAF) while the Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework (FEAF) is developed by the Chief Information Officers (CIO) in the United States Federal Council. This difference in operational owne rship can be vindicated from the fact that FEAF is developed by the US Federal Council which maintains as well as facilitates incorporated systems of architectures within the federal agency. On the other hand, TOGAF focuses on ascertaining good and simplified principles instead of offering a set of complex architecture principles within diverse business units. Additionally, it has

Marriage Interview Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marriage Interview - Term Paper Example This paper will highlight the questions discussed in the interview and an analysis of the answers that the interviewee provided. From the interview, it became clear that the foundation of the couple’s relationship has largely determined the stability level of their marriage. Agnes related how she met the man whom she agreed to marry three years later. According to her, she liked the composure, honesty, and maturity that were evident in her husband when they met. However, she delved further into describing the attributes that led her into the conviction that she had found a worthwhile partner. The three years of dating helped her establish whether the two of them were compatible and it revealed the patience and resilience that they had in making their relationship work (Chitambira, & Chitambira, 2011). During this period, they discussed their goals and dreams in order to understand each other’s personal interests. Agnes mentioned the most important aspects that a couple should discuss during dating. In her opinion, setting out how a couple will manage their finances when they are married is a central issue. In addition, a couple should understand the extended family and set boundaries for their intrusion into their marriage. Agnes revealed that she only moved into her husband’s apartment after their marriage. Unlike many couples, Agnes mentioned that not much has surprised her in their marriage because she was well aware that marriage often brings the unexpected. With this prior knowledge, the two of them were ready to live up to their commitment. Although challenges were to come their way, they had built the three most important pillars of their relationship. She mentions these as honest and effective communication, understanding, and trust. Agnes mentioned that these pillars have existed from the period of dating and the presence of these gives her faith that they can triumph over anything that comes their way (Parrott, & Parrott, 2006). A gnes admitted that they have been numerous challenges in their marriage. Only three years into her marriage, her husband lost his job. At the time, the couple’s son was only two months old. As a wife and mother, she had to make sacrifices for the family to survive one of the critical economic times. Her resilience and commitment were under test during this time. The couple gave each other immense support during this time and considered other avenues of making a living instead of relying on employment. After careful consideration, the couple invested their savings into her business. The hardest time of their marriage life produced the best outcome as Agnes describes. Currently, the couple has streams of businesses and has a level of security in the future. According to her, the financial constraint that resulted would have compromised their marriage, but they decided to make something positive out of it (McDonald, and McDonald, 2008). The couple has had other minor challenges, but they have managed to stick to each other. The story of their success seems impossible in a world where divorces are becoming a common procedure. Agnes mentioned that a couple should enter into marriage open-minded. According to her, a couple should be ready for challenges because they are inevitable. In addition, she highlighted the fact that each partner should have readiness of making sacrifices

Food is culture, culture is food Essay Example for Free

Food is culture, culture is food Essay A majority of people really do care about their health when they choose foods to eat. They always think: The food they eat must gives their bodies the information and materials they need to function properly. If they dont get the right information, their metabolic processes suffer and their health declines. http://www. takingcharge. csh. umn. edu/explore-healing-practices/food-medicine/how-does-food-impact-health Espcially in Vietnam, most of people always use five fundamental taste elements when they’re cooking. For Vietnamese people, salt is used as the connection between the worlds of the living and the dead. Cooking and eating play an extremely important role in Vietnamese culture. The word an (eat) is included in a great number of proverbs and has a large range of semantic extensions. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Vietnamese_cuisine#Cultural_importance Vietnamese cuisine is reflective of the Vietnamese lifestyle from the preparation to how the food is served. Going through long phases of war and political conflicts, as well as cultural shifts, the vast majority of the Vietnamese people have been living in poverty. Therefore, the ingredients for Vietnamese food are often very inexpensive but nonetheless, the way they are cooked together to create a yin – yang balance make the food simple in look but rich in flavor. Due to economic condition, maximizing the use of ingredients to save money has become a tradition in Vietnamese cooking. http://en. wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_cuisine#Food_in_relation_to_lifestyle. WHAT DOES FOOD IS CULTURE, CULTURE IS FOOD MEAN TO YOU? In every country, there’s always have their icons or foods which is symbolize for their country image. Espcially food, in my opinion, food is one of the thing which can be introduced to foreigners about the country’s culture much easier than the other things such as clothes, souvernirs†¦ And a lot of countries have shown their culture through the way they cook food, through the way they eat and through the way they use ingredient for their cooking.

Theories Of The Origin Of The Moon :: essays research papers fc

The Moon is the only natural satellite of Earth. The distance from Earth is about 384,400km with a diameter of 3476km and a mass of 7.35*1022kg. Through history it has had many names: Called Luna by the Romans, Selene and Artemis by the Greeks. And of course, has been known through prehistoric times. It is the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun. Due to its size and composition, the Moon is sometimes classified as a terrestrial "planet" along with Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars. Origin of the Moon Before the modern age of space exploration, scientists had three major theories for the origin of the moon: fission from the earth; formation in earth orbit; and formation far from earth. Then, in 1975, having studied moon rocks and close-up pictures of the moon, scientists proposed what has come to be regarded as the most probable of the theories of formation, planetesimal impact or giant impact theory. Formation by Fission from the Earth The modern version of this theory proposes that the moon was spun off from the earth when the earth was young and rotating rapidly on its axis. This idea gained support partly because the density of the moon is the same as that of the rocks just below the crust, or upper mantle, of the earth. A major difficulty with this theory is that the angular momentum of the earth, in order to achieve rotational instability, would have to have been much greater than the angular momentum of the present earth-moon system. Formation in Orbit Near the Earth This theory proposes that the earth and moon, and all other bodies of the solar system, condensed independently out of the huge cloud of cold gases and solid particles that constituted the primordial solar nebula. Much of this material finally collected at the center to form the sun. Formation Far from Earth According to this theory, independent formation of the earth and moon, as in the above theory, is assumed; but the moon is supposed to have formed at a different place in the solar system, far from earth. The orbits of the earth and moon then, it is surmised, carried them near each other so that the moon was pulled into permanent orbit about the earth. Planetesimal Impact First published in 1975, this theory proposes that early in the earth's history, well over 4 billion years ago, the earth was struck by a large body called a planetesimal, about the size of Mars. The catastrophic impact blasted portions of the earth and the planetesimal into earth orbit, where debris from the

Detailing Product Life Cycles Essay

We may conclude that ISO 14001 has significant and direct profit and wealth creation potentials. Companies need effective management accounting systems to monitor all costs and benefits that accrue from the ISO 14001 process. Companies also need to market the consumer and social benefits of ISO 14001 effectively to targeted market segments for which environmental management matters. ISO 14001 and Seasonal Business Union Carbide’s Indian pesticides business, which caused the toxic cloud in Bhopal, was a highly seasonal business, with uncertainties regarding pest outbreaks and cropping patterns. The accident occurred in December, some 100 days after the peak demand for pesticides in that sub-tropical climate, with monsoon-dependant crop acreages. The worldwide tourism business is another example of high seasonal fluctuations in demand. Cyclical downturns are notorious for taking place when full complements of expert staff are not available, as outside normal working hours. Any operation with wide differences between times of peak demand and off-peak times, will inevitably respond by having fewer people available for watch and ward duties, at some times. Environmental Management Systems can never afford to slacken their vigilance, as all dangers and risks are not necessarily related with peak loads. ISO 14001 offers a reliable structure within which systems can operate to adequate standards even during times of low demand. The documentation support of ISO 14001 can prove to be invaluable in containing the emergent implications of any incident. The tourism industry benefits from ISO 14001, not only because of the off-season protection, but simultaneously because of the demand for eco-tourism and out of sustainability concerns for this large service sector. ISO 14001 is especially useful for any enterprise with high seasonality of demand. It helps organizations establish infrastructure that can maintain emergency response and environmental management capabilities at optimal costs during the lean seasons. It also helps companies to plan for peak demand in terms of environmental loads. These advantages are over and above the other benefits of the system that apply to all registrants. ISO 14001 and Building Projects The project nature of civil construction, and its high involvement with third party contractors, places a special challenge for ISO 14001. The growing demand for ‘green buildings. ’ is a special opportunity for the system. ISO is very well suited for the construction industry, and can help it meet new demands for sustainability. Much of the most lasting harm to the environment from modern industry arises from the materials, processes and designs of buildings and related civil structures. Asbestos abatement has been the focus of many environmental management standards of the building industry during the recent past. Asbestos exposure has occurred 3-4 decades earlier. This is a powerful reminder of the need for LCA in civil construction. The entire ISO 14001 system has a host of similar benefits for all stakeholders in the building industry. Architecture and ISO 14001 share a common emphasis on the design phase of projects, to avoid problems arising out of implementation. Hence, professionals in the construction business are especially amenable to the spirit of ISO 14001. The system has much to contribute by way of reducing material wastage in construction, and in reducing energy loads of actual use of buildings. ISO 14001 is eminently suited to meet the certification standards of the Green Building Council, and the specifications for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) status. ISO 14001 has additional benefits with respect to protecting investors from a legal point of view in real estate transactions. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), accompanies a number of state and local regulations that have major environmental implications. Any business in the construction or real estate business can benefit from ISO 14001, as they will have a sound system to choose projects with which they can be involved. They can also plan for full legal compliance as new laws take effect. ISO 14001 has powerful marketing potential for real estate developers. Investors and people on the market for buying homes would be inevitably attracted to projects that have sound environmental management systems in place. Buildings, neighborhoods and cities that make minimal imprints on the environment, that have track records of continual improvement and that make invaluable savings in maintenance resources, will always appreciate and attract communities. ISO 14001 has the potential to become mandatory for new real estate projects, particularly for ones in places that are rich in natural resources. ISO 14001 and Equator Principles Banks that subscribed to the Equator Principles have often found themselves in difficult situations, having to assess the environmental impacts of projects that for which they consider financing. Conflicting views from various stakeholders can be difficult for lenders to reconcile, as many aspects of the matter require local expertise and technological appreciation. ISO 14001 offers a solution for such matters, since it calls for a transparent and systematic assessment of chosen aspects, with a structured audit and review process. The Equator Principles could extend towards fields of transnational endeavor other than funding, and ISO 14001 can be a reliable and universal bridge for assessment and continual evaluation. The next decades will see a spurt in funded development projects in large tracts of the world. There is enormous pressure for large projects designed to bring succor to rural and urban communities. Funding will be mostly across geographical boundaries as capital resources are centered with countries other than the ones with the physical features for development. Investors and sources of public funds everywhere will face questions about environmental management, as they peruse candidate projects from distant locations. ISO 14001 is a good solution in these circumstances, for it provides a neutral and universal format in which all developers and governments can plan to manage the environmental impacts of the new projects that they conceive. International bodies can respond to social activists who claim that most development projects cause environmental harm, by asking project owners to use the transparency and accountability of the ISO 14000 series. SME Experience with ISO 14001 The vast majority of enterprises in most countries belong to the small and medium categories. ISO 14001 cannot be the force that it should, unless the system proves to be valid, useful and feasible for such organizations. A superficial look at ISO 14001 could lead most observers to conclude that it is too involved and expensive for any but the largest of corporations to afford. However, the reality is that ISO 14001 lends itself to adoption by even small and medium enterprises. An on-line survey of small and medium enterprises (those with fewer than 100 employees) with ISO 14001, displays pleasantly surprising results (International Organization for Standardization, 2005). Pressures to comply with environmental regulations, demands from corporate customers that are higher up in the supply chain and lucrative opportunities in foreign markets, are the three most important stimulants for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to seek the business advantages of ISO 14001. Many SMEs lose out because they do not seek ISO 14001 certifications, either out of ignorance, or because of wrong impressions they hold of the resources required. There is a clear need to make the system’s benefits more widely known and more accurately appreciated. Many SME owners incorrectly believe that pollution is an exclusive preserve of large corporations! The significant negative contributions of SMEs to environmental management are often ignored, especially if units are scattered and relatively isolated. Many SMEs stay away from ISO 14001 as they are not aware of government and institutional support available for them to secure certification within their means. Some consultants confound the issue by outlying more paperwork and bureaucracy than is necessary for the sizes of some potential clients. SMEs also have the choice to build their EMSs on alternative systems that compete with ISO 14001. It would appear overall that ISO 14001 has a great deal of unused potential with respect to EMSs for SMEs. This is a marketing challenge for country organizations of the ISO body. SMEs can be very wasteful of material and energy, albeit on a relatively small scale. They may not be immediately aware of wastes they generate, but this has a cumulative effect that has to be addressed at some stage. Pest Control Operators and Applicators are classic examples of small enterprises that deal with highly toxic chemicals. The latter can affect wide areas and large communities. All SMEs everywhere can use ISO 14001 to fight competition from better resourced corporations, by using effective EMSs. The move to terminate enterprises that have no controls on the pollution they cause and the hazards inherent in their operations, is current already. Growth is a natural evolution even for SMEs. ISO 14001, apart from protecting business interests as described above, also has the power to afford rapid growth for SMEs. The Internet enables local companies to achieve global reach. ISO 14001 can help them match their new found logistical strengths with EMSs that work. Any SME with growth ambitions has to use ISO 14001 as essential infrastructure for its future plans. Summary of Benefits of Environmental Management Systems Environmental management standards help companies to build their transactions across territorial boundaries. It is likely to become a sort of pre-requisite for global corporations. Emerging economies must develop expertise in environmental management to fight non-tariff barriers to markets in advanced economies. It is an integral part of the branding process. Environmental management systems help companies and organizations respond to important concerns of their main stakeholders. It is therefore a matter of priority for most entities in the conventional world. Companies from all sectors of the economy have become aware of the pressing need to conserve precious natural resources (Case Studies, 2002). ISO 14001 has enabled companies such as Apple stay abreast of changing regulation on environmental matters. The company was able to eliminate lead from batteries, and later to substitute Nickel-Cadmium batteries in line with European Union directives. These are concrete examples of how ISO 14001 helps companies stay in business by conforming in time to new and higher environmental protection standards. Apple’s switch to lithium ion batteries is an example of how ISO 14001 can squeeze additional ingenuity out of the industrial sector. Progressive companies such as Apple Computers buy products and services from companies that demonstrate effective commitment to environmental conservation (Case Studies, 2002). Supply chain considerations make ISO 14001 essential for the suppliers of major corporations. The proponents of ISO 14001 started by show-casing the benefits of the discipline in terms of the ethics of environmental concerns. The world has moved on since then, and ISO 14001 is no longer an option chosen by those with surplus cash. ISO 14001 has become a vital visa that provides contemporary corporations with the rights to continue business in the 21st century. The days of firms that do not meet ISO 14001 standards, are numbered. Savings in energy bills provide financial succor to firms that invest in reducing power consumption. This is a good example of the meeting point between the financial and non-financial advantages of environmental management systems. ISO 14001 is voluntary and flexible. It does not enforce any external standards. Companies can tailor their individual EMSs to the nature of their enterprise, and to the levels of expertise they have achieved in environmental management. It is a stable framework for the conduct of modern business that will appeal to professionals, and it is an effective way of extracting new efficiencies out of matured business processes. What Is It? The International Standards Organization, with its impressive name, has given ISO 14000 impressive credentials. The success of the ISO 9000 series in promoting quality consciousness has created high expectations in terms of the 14000 series enjoying similar success on the environmental front. However, many people are still not aware of the precise nature and scope of ISO 14000. The ISO 14000 series started in 1991: the first standards were published in 1996. It is therefore less well known and understood than the 9000 series which have been used for longer. The ISO 14000 series helps organizations meet environmental issues (Hanson, A. J. not dated). It is a documentation system that sets out objectives with priorities, divides responsibilities amongst a team, and provides for independent audit. It is important to bear in mind that ISO 14000 is not a single system, but rather a series of international standards (Environmental Management Guide 2004). ISO 14001 helps organizations to implement EMS, to ensure conformance to standards, to ensure compliance with relevant regulation and to seek independent certification (Environmental Management Guide 2004). Any organization that uses ISO 14001 disciplines will be better equipped to deal with the challenges of environmental management. ISO 14001 is one unit of the ISO 14000 series. ISO 14000 is a voluntary system-business houses and organization have rights to decide on whether or not they would like to invest in it. It has a pervasive influence, and calls for serious commitment of time and money. The decision to use ISO 14000 is therefore strategic by nature. Though community and key customer pressures can often be motivating factors, some organizations opt for ISO certification out of genuine concern for the environment. ISO 14000 recognizes environmental conservation as an integral part of organizational process, on par with more traditional functions such as Finance, Personnel and so on. The system must integrate with the total company organization and structure, if it is to yield meaningful and lasting benefits. Most companies start their ISO 14000 experiences with the help of experienced consultants, but that does not preclude deployment of significant human resources from an organization’s own pool. ISO 14000 has three major sections: life cycle analysis, environmental performance evaluation and labeling (Hanson, A. J. not dated). ISO 14001 in the series is concerned with environmental management systems. Organizations should plan to deploy the full ISO 14000 series over time, though they may start with ISO 14001 for reasons of resource constraints, to obtain the benefits of focus, and to give time to their employees to adjust to the new way of working. The ISO 14000 series is a guide that almost every organization can adapt to its specific needs. The system is very flexible in terms of fitting in to various sets of circumstances. Companies that work for profit have used ISO 14000 more widely than social organizations and government bodies. Firms from diverse segments of industry and even the services have all used ISO 14000 with equally remarkable success. However, the ISO system is not a packaged solution by itself. It is up to each registrant to use the system to its advantage. ISO promotes a new culture of professionalism. The documentation and procedures that the system enjoins on its followers, enforces a systematic approach to issues. It also promotes transparency, and ensures that organizations can respond in uniform manner, with low dependence on individual whims. It is especially useful to deal with emergent situations, and in ones in which a large number of variables require simultaneous consideration. Employees of an ISO 14000 certified organization display new confidence about their responsibilities and can do a more complete job of conserving the environment. ISO 14001 is a new template for modern business. It acknowledges the ubiquitous role of the environment in our lives, and provides paths to sustainable compromises that technology and conventional issues can negotiate with our natural surroundings. The ISO 14000 series can give a new lease of life to a business that is under attack because of the hazards and toxicity that it entails. It can help a small business rival a large corporation in terms of professional standards. It can help organizations perform uniformly across geographical and cultural boundaries. ISO 14000 is truly the way of the 21st century. There are concrete profits to be earned from the ISO 14000 series. The system is relentless in searching for ways to reduce consumption per unit of output, and ways to reuse or recycle waste and by products. Certification brings access to new markets and strengthens a company’s competitive position. There are therefore classic business reasons for using the ISO 14000 system. Environmental Labeling and ISO 14000 Some manufacturers have used the absence of regulations to prepare labels with unsubstantiated ecological claims on labels (Hanson, A. J. not dated). Consumers who would like to support manufacturers of environmentally sound products are hampered by the proliferation of labels that make vague and even incorrect claims about environmental impacts. Environmental labeling under the ISO 14000 series, corrects this anomaly. This is an important reason for business houses to support ISO 14000. The world is on a move towards the regulation of labeling standards, and companies that do not follow ISO 14000 may soon find themselves excluded from key markets. Three levels of labeling standards are available for manufacturers who would like to use the ISO 14000 system for their products. Most consumers are accustomed to Type 1 Environmental Labels. The latter provide criteria against which each covered product is measured. Canada and Germany have adopted these standards. Type II labels will use uniform terms and definitions: standards and details will be available in due course. Type III labels seek to provide information along a set of pre-determined criteria. Such labels are already in use for some nutritional products. Environmental labeling predisposes companies to resort to Life Cycle Analysis. The number of products with environmentally sound labels has grown exponentially since the 1990s (Hanson, A. J. not dated). There were less than 25 such products in the United States in 1989. The number grew to 600 by 1990. It is now a business that exceeds $10 billion. The stage is set for economies in all countries to move over to products and services that can make valid claims about environmental management on their labels. The ISO 14000 deals with environmental management on the basis of the following main principles (Hanson, A. J. not dated): â€Å"Labeling should be accurate, verifiable, relevant and should be non-deceptive. †¢ The party that makes the label should make relevant information about the attributes available to purchasers †¢ Labeling should be based on comprehensive scientific methods that are reproducible †¢ Information on the process and methodologies should be available to all interested parties †¢ Labeling should incorporate where appropriate the life cycle of the product or service †¢ Administrative requirements should not make participation difficult †¢ Labels should not create unfair trade restrictions †¢ Labeling should not inhibit innovation that may improve environmental performance. †¢ Labeling criteria should be developed by consensus† Environment labeling programs are democratic in nature. Producers can decide to comply of their own volition. Any manufacturer can decide to use the system, regardless of nature, size and location. It therefore gives an opportunity for new industrial entities to seek competitive advantage against entrenched brands. The greater interests of consumers always have over-riding priority. There are four methods available for verification of claims made on environmental labels. These are: â€Å"Declaration of conformity: the manufacturer self-declares conformance †¢ Review of supporting documentation: the practitioner requires the applicant to provide documentary evidence of conformity †¢ Evaluation of conformity with manufacturing phase requirements: where the production phase is evaluated †¢ Product testing: samples of the product are tested (Hanson, A. J. not dated). Companies have to establish monitoring systems to ensure on-going compliance once their label claims have been verified. Environmental labeling is an important development in terms of improving environmental accountability of modern business. It is an integral part of the ISO 14000 process. It is also in the best interests of companies as it costs less than invasive regulation. Since awareness about environmental matters is growing, environmental labeling can improve market share. Products with comprehensive information about environmental impacts on their labels will perform better in highly competitive situations. There is the analogy of air emissions as a buying benefit in the case of automobiles. Clothing made from organic fiber, food free of harmful residues, cosmetics that do not use animal testing, durables that consumers can return to manufacturers for recycling and instructions on how to use dangerous products without causing harm, are all live examples of some of the most successful branding that has been achieved through environmental labeling. This portion of the ISO 14000 package is instrumental in building unbreakable bonds between brand owners and customers, and in improving customer satisfaction. It is therefore a pivotal strategy for profitable and sustainable business growth. ISO 14001 for International Corporations Since environmental standards and concern vary by country, international corporations face dilemmas with respect to environmental management systems. Most of these companies are headquartered and controlled in the first world, though their products, services and operations cover far corners of the globe. Such companies used to follow territory-specific environmental management systems in the past. This has some technical validity, as natural resources, climate and social habits can place such different demands on business. However, social activists have begun to question the ethics of double standards. International companies have become accountable for following uniform policies and standards wherever they may operate. This can be quite confusing as regulatory requirements are not uniform throughout the world. ISO 14001 offers a path out of these contradictions. Group Managements can influence policy statements and control systems, leaving affiliates and subsidiaries to identify aspects, programs and specifications. Audits and reviews provide a uniform basis for transnational comparisons. Certification is a strong defense against unsubstantiated attacks by social activists. Overall, ISO 14001 offers value to organizations that need to harmonize international and local components of environmental management systems. The portability of human resources is a key consideration for international companies. Assignments and transfers to new locations are established means of career development. New perspectives of individuals from exotic markets, often inject new dynamism in to stagnating business sectors. Periodic changes in fitment for key positions ensure transparency and integrity of linkages between companies and its independent suppliers and contractors. There are therefore a host of reasons for international companies to move personnel between countries, markets and sectors. However, continuity of important business processes becomes a concern, as new people occupy crucial positions at various points of the organization. The accumulated learning of an individual, as well as the rationale for pivotal decisions, has to be available for a new incumbent. The environmental aspects of management situations can be too important and irreversible in nature for companies to depend on word-of-mouth spread between colleagues about the reasons for how operations are conducted. Casual or experimental changes in processes based on theoretical concepts, or based on notions from irrelevant past experience, can be devastating in environmental terms. The ISO 14001 system plays a most helpful role in such matters. Versions of the manual built up over time serve as invaluable references in managing the evolution of all business processes. Records of management reviews lend authenticity to how things are done in each function and location. Since ISO 14001 is an on-going process, it also allows adequate scope for new incumbents in local organizations to express themselves fully, and to expound their ideas for business improvement. The ISO 14000 series is therefore an enabling network for large and inter-changeable teams of professionals to work in a seamless way. Environmental concerns are important for modern branding and new product development processes. Though branding and new product development should be globally uniform for the best returns on investment, environmental aspects can vary across countries, and even within segments of domestic markets. There can therefore be an inherent conflict between marketing and environmental concerns. The ISO 14001 system offers a way to resolve such conflicts. The policy statement serves to establish universal ground rules within which innovation can be encouraged. The choice of environmental aspects that are chosen for address in individual countries can be adapted to meet local requirements. ISO 14001 helps to define the boundaries between local and global environmental management concerns related to brands and new product development. Group managements of international corporations have to make choices between territories and industrial sectors for resource allocation, especially in terms of financial deployment. Since most projects have long gestation periods, and may involve very substantial commitments, managers at one central location can always have difficulties in making choices between alternatives at more than one remote location. Local environmental concerns tend to be in flux and there are often crucial differences between the regulatory conditions related to environmental management systems of various countries. Group managements may have to take important decisions in the face of incomplete and uncertain background information. Countries with less transparent and elaborate environmental regulations may either fall by the wayside in investment choices, or at the other extreme, attract funds for new projects without due consideration for the risks involved. ISO 14001 makes it possible to compare opportunities and threats across nations in a fair and even way. Records of progressive audits provide a firm and equal basis to take decisions on the future of operations in various territories. This is apart from serving as a common platform for the evaluation of business performance. Social activism tends to concentrate on large international corporations. Environmental degradation due to poverty, ignorance and by SMEs is often overlooked by non-governmental organizations. Such attacks can occupy limited management time and lead to intractable and unproductive negotiations. An ISO 14001 certification is an effective safeguard in such circumstances. It provides a harmonious platform for divergent views to be addressed, and a participatory format for conflict resolution. Records of management reviews can form crucial evidence in defense of executive action and environmental responsibility. The advantages of the ISO 14000 system for large international corporations are so obvious and pervasive, that one can conclude that all such organizations do have EMSs in place, though they may not always seek certification. It is difficult to conceive of a body conducting business in a sustained way across the globe without any systems for environmental management. The external audit and public scrutiny of the ISO 14000 series is what most management teams would want to avoid. It is possible to conclude that most if not all large international corporations follow ISO 14000 systems in some form, though they may not find it expedient to join the organization in a formal sense. ISO 14001 in Mergers and Acquisitions. Differences in environmental management systems can confound and delay mergers and acquisitions. Potential buyers may be put off by uncertainties about product liability. Due diligence can be affected by paucity of documentation, and by contradictory verbal feedback from employees and other stakeholders. The entire ISO 14000 series is a way out of such problems. ISO processes serve to assure all parties about the integrity of environmental impact assessments, while successive editions of the manual and audit reports put achievements and progress in valid and measured perspectives. Companies that follow ISO 14001 will find it relatively easy to continue business normally very soon after a merger or an acquisition. There could be major disruptions or unpleasant surprises if an inter-corporate transaction involves an unregistered entity. ISO 14001 also protects minority and dissenting interests in mergers and acquisitions. Stock market regulators are well advised to insist on ISO registration as a pre-condition to equity restructuring. The case of batteries illustrates how tangential product components can have significant impact on the core strategies of a business. Computers use batteries inevitably, but the technology of their production lies outside the domain of electronics and software. However, ecological concerns about the use of heavy metals such as lead, nickel and cadmium in batteries, and the relatively high rate of product obsolescence in computers, has forced companies in this field to acquire expertise in technologies such as that of lithium ions, and to find sources for commercial supplies of ecologically sound batteries. Computer companies have also to divert major resources to recycling programs that are integral to their products, but the matter of batteries illustrates the inter-related complications that can be part of doing business in the 21st century. This aspect gives Life Cycle Analysis great value, as it is a systematic way to cover all known environmental impacts that arise as a result of any enterprise. Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) seeks to cover all sources of burdens on the environment that the production of a product may entail (Hanson, A.J. not dated). The system covers the consumption of all materials, use of energy in all forms, production processes, supply chains, logistics, waste disposal and recycling. LCA adopts an integrated approach to environmental management, and it works in four stages. Initiation, inventory analysis, impact analysis and interpretation are the four stages of LCA. Interpretation is also called improvement analysis. LCA is a vital part of the ISO 14000 system, and it has universal application for all fields of human endeavor. LCA has most utility when designing new products, but the technique can also be used to reduce the environmental burden of an existing product. Substitutes may compete on the basis of LCA facts, as is the case of disposable diapers versus washable ones. Such comparisons engage healthy debate and help to build indelible opinions about environmental conservation. LCA is integrative and holistic in its approach to environmental concerns. It is especially useful in uncovering hidden risks and costs that may associate in covert manner with some products and services. LCA proceeds in a step-wise manner, toting up the material and energy requirements of each component of a production process, and then presenting a total picture of the environmental impact of each product or service that is covered. LCA considers waste generations and impacts on air and water at each stage of procurement and production. It also considers distribution and actual use. The ISO 14001 process cannot be complete without full LCA. The Canadian Standards Association has stated LCA benefits in the follo.

Areas of learning and development Essay

1.1 Explain each of the areas of learning and development and how these are interdependent. The different areas of development are social, emotional, communication, physical, intellectual and creative. The interdependence of these areas of development will cover a number of the areas if the activities are planned effectively. Social and emotional development Children must have support and help which will help them to develop good self confidence and self esteem. Also it is important children have the support to understand they should respect others, have good social skills and have a positive attitude towards learning. Practitioners should support their children’s emotion to help them know what they can do and how much they are capable of. Communication development Children should be supported when communicating, speaking, listening, reading and writing. Adults should try and push them to try harder and do the best they can. Children must be encouraged and praised for using their skills in different situations and they should be supported in continuing to develop their confidence. We take time to listen to children if they find it difficult to communicate and where necessary we request speech and language just to help the child as much as possible. Physical Development The physical development of young children is very important and therefore should be encouraged by giving them opportunities to be active and to improve their coordination skills, control skills, balance skills and movement. They should be encouraged to play games at play times rather than sitting down for long periods of time. I run a number of after school clubs in our setting to promote children taking part in sport. Also I am a play leader at dinner times and I set up games for children to play to promote their physical development and also to prevent boredom. Children must be  educated about the importance of physical activity and should be aware of healthy eating. Creative Development Children’s creativity should be promoted. This is because it gives children a chance to express themselves and explore with different materials. A lot of children love to get creative as they like to feel new things and create pictures and scenarios. They should be provided with opportunities to explores and express their thoughts and feelings in different ways for example through music, art, dance, movement, role play and design and technology. Intellectual development Intellectual development is important. I work in year 1 so the expectations are high. Children need to be praised often for working hard or answering questions correctly. Children need to be praised to build their confidence and self esteem. Their learning should be supported by using a range of activities such as learning through play, work, games, trips and role play. Children love to be active and visual so in our setting we try to learn through visuals a lot. For example, when we were learning about plants, each child grew their own sunflower and each science lesson, they had to measure it, check if it needed any more water and then record how the plant is growing. 1.2 Describe the documented outcomes for children that form part of the relevant early years framework. In England, the Early Years Foundation Stage (2008) is there to ensure children fulfil the 5 positive outcomes of Every Child Matters (2003). ECM itself provides a framework for children 0-19 years. The five outcome of ECM are being healthy, staying safe, enjoying and achieving, making a positive contribution and achieving economic wellbeing. The documented outcomes of EYFS (2008 and 2012) are the learning targets for children to attain by the time they finish the EYFS. Being healthy This deals with the extent to which helps to develop the health and lifestyle in children. Evidence includes that providers promote physical, mental, emotional and sexual health. Also they should promote participation in sport  and regular exercise and healthy eating and drinking water. Children should be encouraged to recognise and deal with stress and have a good self esteem. Adults should encourage the avoidance of drugs, smoking and alcohol abuse. Staying Safe This outcome is to ensure children are safe from harm or danger. Evidence will include working with the child protection legislation, undertaking regular CRB checks, protecting children from bullying and harassment. Children should be led away from crime or anti social behaviour. They need to be educated about sexual exploitation and exposure to violence and danger. Also all staff should be appropriately trained. Enjoying and achieving This outcome includes children enjoying education and to make progress in regards to their learning and personal development. The evidence for this would be to monitor the child’s progress and to support the learners who have low attendance and poor behaviour. Also extra support should be available for those with extra needs or child that are under achieving. Making a positive contribution This includes the development of self confidence and behaviour in children, alongside their understanding of rights and responsibilities. Children should want to focus and learn and also sometimes make positive contribution to the community life. There should always be a focus on enhancing children to develop appropriate behaviour and avoid getting involved in anti-social behaviour. Achieving economic well-being This includes the effectiveness that the provider gets children reading to learn the skills needed for employment and independent living. This is usually with older children in secondary schools. Evidence includes developing self confidence and team work, the provision of good advice and training and accessible courses and opportunity for work experience and work based learning. 1.3 Explain how the documented outcomes are assessed and recorded. In our  setting we do lots of child observations. There are lots of different types of observation methods that can be done to let us collect evidence we need to plan for individuals. All of the methods of observations have advantages and disadvantages of recording the child’s development so it is very important to vary the methods of observation for each child to gain true knowledge and understanding of the child’s development. We record all information on Child Observation sheets designed by our setting itself.

Free Essays on Reader Opinion Of “Pattern Language“ By Christopher Alexander

While reading the book â€Å"A Pattern Language†, I first thought the author was setting out to do was almost an impossible task. The introduction stated that there the keys to rural living to metropolitan existence could be summarized into 253 combinable patterns. I had a hard time grasping the understanding of what he was going to accomplish with the information he was providing. Questions such as how is someone going to place a town, city etc. in a box of 253 combinable patterns. I researched the Internet to see what others were saying about the book and their attempted to explain just how the book applied to them and their project. I noticed a common thread among the many and various sites that I viewed. The famous 253 patterns were moved and shifted by the authors in an untrusting manner. The author â€Å"Christopher Alexander† has made a bold move by placing limits on how small to large scale projects should be designed/set-up to work in a â€Å"Society†. W hether the application is technology, architecture, towns, cities or your new house, he has stepped up to the plate and has stated just how you can optimally organize your project. I will categorize two types of readers that I feel will be exposed to this book. First are the â€Å"hands off thinkers†. These are the people that use their brain for about 70% of the workday. They do not prefer to be exposed to the actual work as an original, but more of a doubting or justifiable agreement type. The second is the â€Å"forced reader†. They will not willingly choose or select a book of this caliber but will be coerced into reading the book as a favor to a supervisor or work place hype about the depth and passion of the author. The definition of the â€Å"forced reader† will offend the â€Å"hands off thinker† because they are dedicated to the process of working through the thought process. Here now lies the problem with the â€Å"hands off thinker† and the â€Å"forced readers† that will be e... Free Essays on Reader Opinion Of â€Å"Pattern Languageâ€Å" By Christopher Alexander Free Essays on Reader Opinion Of â€Å"Pattern Languageâ€Å" By Christopher Alexander While reading the book â€Å"A Pattern Language†, I first thought the author was setting out to do was almost an impossible task. The introduction stated that there the keys to rural living to metropolitan existence could be summarized into 253 combinable patterns. I had a hard time grasping the understanding of what he was going to accomplish with the information he was providing. Questions such as how is someone going to place a town, city etc. in a box of 253 combinable patterns. I researched the Internet to see what others were saying about the book and their attempted to explain just how the book applied to them and their project. I noticed a common thread among the many and various sites that I viewed. The famous 253 patterns were moved and shifted by the authors in an untrusting manner. The author â€Å"Christopher Alexander† has made a bold move by placing limits on how small to large scale projects should be designed/set-up to work in a â€Å"Society†. W hether the application is technology, architecture, towns, cities or your new house, he has stepped up to the plate and has stated just how you can optimally organize your project. I will categorize two types of readers that I feel will be exposed to this book. First are the â€Å"hands off thinkers†. These are the people that use their brain for about 70% of the workday. They do not prefer to be exposed to the actual work as an original, but more of a doubting or justifiable agreement type. The second is the â€Å"forced reader†. They will not willingly choose or select a book of this caliber but will be coerced into reading the book as a favor to a supervisor or work place hype about the depth and passion of the author. The definition of the â€Å"forced reader† will offend the â€Å"hands off thinker† because they are dedicated to the process of working through the thought process. Here now lies the problem with the â€Å"hands off thinker† and the â€Å"forced readers† that will be e...

Writing a Research Paper on Cloud Storage for Education

Writing a Research Paper on Cloud Storage for Education Writing a Research Paper on Cloud Storage for Education For the past several years, cloud computing has been one of the most frequently heard terms. Nowadays we all understand the basic concept of the matter: cloud storage provides the use with an opportunity to avail of secure, safe and almost unlimited means of storing digital material on the web, without the necessity to depend on personal data centers and personal hardware. But how can a cloud computing become a part of an academic research paper? As an option, make sure to base your project on the advantages of the cloud storage for education. Instant Access from Anywhere. Forget all the â€Å"my neighbor’s dog ate my paper† excuses! From now on you can access your photo projects, papers, presentation from your personal mobile device or PC. Go Mobile! It’s time to leave your laptop at home because it’s time for your mobile phone to shine! All you need is your Smartphone to get a quick access to all the data, as well as share your files on the go. Just make certain to pick the device you may need and then – access all photos, files, music and so on via the Cloud. Easy File Share. If you need to instantly share some files with your class mates or professors, make sure to make use of the Cloud. Moreover, the item provides you with an opportunity to edit and send the files back while both drafts will be saved to the shared folder. Stay in Sync. Due to the multi-user sync, you can easily sync the same folder with your classmates locally. Thus, all the adds, changes and edits made to that folder will be updated on every PC automatically. Forget about the emailing back and forth and enjoy the most updated version of every file 24/7! Backup. Do not think about PC crushes, accidently dropped laptops, etc. Having the Cloud there with you will be 100% sure that all data will be automatically backed up. Apart from a bunch of benefits for the college and university students, the Cloud brings a lot of benefits for the teachers as well. Make sure to investigate this side of the matter in your research paper. Avail of the iPad During the Lesson. It’s not a secret that college and university professors use various tablets and gadgets in order to make the lessons more interesting with various videos, presentations and music files. Instant streaming without the wait will help them to easily pull stream videos and presentations. Collaborate in the Classroom. The Cloud provides the teachers with an opportunity to share all files with every student in the group or with the whole class. Thus, students can collaborate together on team papers. Instant Access to the Data. Professors have an instant access to the academic information from their work PC, tablet, which means the whole process of data organization as easy as pie. Use for Personal/Work Use. Cloud gives you a chance to create special folders for both – personal and work use. This makes the organization and distribution of data and documents simpler. If you need a custom written paper from our research paper service just visit our website and fill in the order form!

E-commerce Individual Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

E-commerce Individual Assignment - Essay Example Although, there has been a failure of various electronic commerce initiatives but e-commerce is still of significant use to the economy of many companies. To understand the importance of the e business in the company, the case study will focus on the Gulf Agency Company that is a global leading provider of shipping and logistics materials. However, the company does not utilize the e- business modules in an efficient and effective manner due to the challenges and threats in the industry. The case will evaluate the areas of weakness of the Gulf Agency Company due to the failure of utilizing the e -business and discuss the various e business modules that it can employ to improve the situation. Meanwhile, the case will articulate its failing of the company based on the e-business can evaluate the areas for growth and development. 2. Internal and external analysis of GAC 2.1 SWOT analysis The SWOT analysis of the GAC will help in highlighting the areas of the business inefficiencies and i neffectiveness in its current business processes due to lack of an efficient and effective e business. ... 56).Thus, the SWOT analysis assist to examine the effectiveness of management providing clear comprehending of the e business before any action is taken. The process of undertaking internal analysis closely parallels of performing external audit that is done by the company’s representatives, managers and employees. The internal look analysis is based on the management, marketing research and development and the information technology system. The significant source of the strength of the GAC in its business operation is the availability of adequate financial resources and well trained staff in functional area strategies. However, instead of the company concentrating too much on its strength it is vital to look for the weakness that would diminish the organization ability to offer quality products and services. Most of the weakness of the GAC business operations arises are recognized from the perspective of the customers so that to have an honest evaluation of the failures the c ompany is facing and will affect the future of the company. The company is currently facing the weakness of not having a proper management system in that time and balanced scorecard has not been incorporated with the tailored training of the business that make it prone to challenges. Meanwhile, in current company’s research shows that to combat the difficulties of economies of scale the company needs expansion in its business portfolios so that to reach a wider market by way of diversification of products in the market and doing mergers. Further, the interview conducted on its employees revealed that there was an inefficient and ineffective of the e-business techniques that caused problems in outsourcing. The company needed to implement outsourcing